Professor Spence will give a speech on the opportunities and challenges brought about by the major transformations happening in the present times. There are at least four major transformations under way: the digital transformation (actually, a whole set of them), the energy transition, a revolution in biomedical science and healthcare, and the shift of the economic center of the global economy to Asia, economically and with a lag technologically. These transformations are being driven by powerful technologies and tools, which are declining in cost, powerful, and widely available. Professor Spence will focus on some of these technologies as well. All major transformations are disruptive, bringing simultaneously opportunities and major issues. Professor Spence will also focus on the interactions of these transformations with the broadly shared goals of achieving sustainable and inclusive growth patterns domestically and globally.