Regardless the European Union guidelines the will to mainstream climate change into sectorial policies in Poland is weak. The reasons for that wereexamined. Adoption of climate change models examining future water resources and needs at the national scale, show little evidence for long-term problems with water surplus or deficit. However, there is a regional diversity in predicted intensity and frequency of extreme events. Climate change adaptation instruments and risk transfer instruments seem still unsatisfactory for thepresent and future conditions. Stakeholders‘ based research inform about their preferences for the future measures and indicate possible improvements in the existing ones. Preliminary economic analysis of the instruments shows interesting results. However, at the same time it reveals several essential questions. I will present the research conducted in several EU and polish projects supporting the above mentioned observations.